Chemical engineering notes

Light is a electromagnetic radiation. Ordinary light: It is unpolarised light. Polarised light: Vibration will be in only one plane. When light passes through polarizer ( quartz glass) then polarisation of light takes place. Polarisation of light: When unpolarised light transforms into polarised light then the process is known as polarisation of light. Optical axis: Axis which  decides the plane in which light get polarised. Plane of vibration: Plane contains the direction of propogation of light and direction of vibration of light. From  Fig.ABCD is the plane of vibration. ABCD perpendicular to EFGH. Plane of polarisation: This plane contains only direction of propogation of light. From Fig.EFGH  is the plane of polarisation. Doubly refracting crystal: There are certain crystal by which two types of plane polarised light rays are obtained when unpolarised light incident upon it. Such type of crystals are known as

Plane parallel to horizontal plane and parallel to vertical plane Question: A square thin lamina size 25 mm surface parallel to horizontal plane and perpendicular to vertical plane nearest side 10mm above horizontal plane  and 25 mm infront of vertical plane. Draw the projection. Question:  A square thin lamina size 25 mm surface  parallel to horizontal plane and diagonal AC parallel to vertical plane nearest corner 10 mm above  horizontal plane and 25 mm infront of vertical plane. Question: A hexagon thin plate side 25 mm surface parallel to horizontal plane and perpendicular to vertical plane nearest corner/side 10mm above horizontal plane and 25 mm infront of the vertical plane. Draw the projection. Question: A square thin lamina side 25 mm surface parallel to vertical plane and perpendicular to horizontal plane. Draw the projection nearest corner/side to 10 mm above the horizontal plane and 25 mm infront of vertical plane.

                            Diffraction MISSING ORDER When condition for maximum intensity in interference ( double slit) and the condition for minimum intensity in diffraction ( single slit) are simultaneously satisfied then those orders are missing from the spectrum known as missing order. Condition for maximum intensity in diffraction (single slit) Question: Deduce the missing order for a double slit Fraunhofer diffraction, the slit width e= 0.16mm and they are 0.8 mm apart. Ans:  m/n= (0.16+0.8)/0.16= 0.96/0.16 m/n= 6 m= 6n Question: What particular spectra would be absent if the transparencies and the opacities of the grating are equal? Ans: a=e(given) (e+a)/e= m/n 2e/e=m/n m=2n Since, n= 1;2;3;..... m= 2;4;6;....... N-Slit Diffraction Fraunhofer Diffraction by N-slits(grating) Grating- A grating in an arrangement of N number of pa

Laplace Theorem Assignment 1